NEOLITHIC PERIOD , GUFKRAL (2470 B.C)
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Excavations carried out at Gufkral, in Tehsil Tral, district Pulwama, and have yielded fruitful results as new cultural habits developed by Neolithic man were brought to the light. Bone Skeltons of sheep, goat antler, Himalyan ibex, dog and wolf, excavated, is a positive sign of domestication of animals by man. This practice had far-reaching social consequences.Man was no longer a roaming food-seeker for he had learned to produce food by means of cattle rearing.His living and moving habits underwent a tremendous change and he tended to become sedentary resulting in the increase in their numbers and their concentration at settled sites.
Equally important was the discovery of some grain from Gufkral, for it provided a clue about the start of some activities associated with agriculture by man. However, it is difficult to say with accuracy as to when, where or by whom the first steps were taken in the domestication of grains.
Besides bone and stone tools, a significant discovery from the site is of spindle whorl both of stone and pottery.Other archeological sites,where trail digs have so far yielded some gritty red ware and unpolished stone tools, are Shaphandur(on Pampore-Somber link road) and Kalladur (near Pattan).
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